| 編號 |
組合 |
解釋 |
| 1 |
S + have/has + Vpp |
現在完成式 |
| 表達一個曾經做過的事 |
| I have been to Japan, but I have never visited Osaka. |
我有去過日本，但我從未去過大阪。 |
| 描述一個動作的完成 |
| We have worked here since 2009. |
自從2009年，我就在這邊工作了。 |
|
| 2 |
S + have/has been + V-ing |
現在完成進行式 |
| 闡述一個持續發生的動作(過去到現在) |
| It has been raining for almost a week. |
已經將近下一個禮拜的雨了。 |
| 動作通常仍會持續下去 |
| The phone has been ringing for three minutes. Can someone pick it up? |
電話已經響三分鐘了，誰可以接一下嗎？ |
|
| 3 |
S + had + Vpp |
過去完成式 |
| 過去某時間之前已經完成的動作 |
| Daniel had already been on TV when he was five.font> |
當Daniel五歲的時候，他就已上過電視了。 |
| 必須要有過去時間或是動作來比較 |
| By 1997, many people in Hong Kong had moved to other countries. |
1997年之前，很多香港人早已搬去其他國家。 |
|
| 4 |
S + had been + V-ing |
過去完成進行式 |
| 過去某時間之前一直持續的動作 |
| Romeo had been working hard by the time he was fired. |
Romeo在被炒魷魚前，一直都很努力工作。 |
| 動作不會持續到現在 |
| It had been raining when we arrived. |
在我們到達前，這裡一直下著雨。 |
|
| 5 |
S + will have + Vpp |
未來完成式 |
| 未來某個時間之前將會完成的動作 |
| The train will have left by 6 o'clock. |
這火車六點前將已離開。 |
| The train will leave at 6 o'clock. |
這火車6點的時候將會離開。(與未來式比較) |
| 無法表達實際完成時間 |
| The concert will have begun when you get there. |
你到之前，演唱會早就開始了。 |
|
| 6 |
S + will have been + V-ing |
未來完成進行式 |
| 未來某個時間之前持續的動作 |
| The guest will have been waiting for too long when he comes back. |
當他回來的時候，這客人會等太久。 |
| 預計動作會持續下去 |
| Jerry will have been teaching for 10 years in 2022. |
2022時，Jerry就已經教書滿十年。 |
|
